Jammu & Kashmir mountains and valleys

Jammu & Kashmir

جموں و کشمیر / जम्मू और कश्मीर

Paradise on Earth - A land of breathtaking valleys, snow-capped mountains, and rich cultural heritage. From the spiritual Jammu to the scenic Kashmir valley.

Capital: Srinagar (Summer), Jammu (Winter)
1.25 Crore People
Jammu & Kashmir Map
31 Oct 2019
UT Formation
55,673
Area (km²)
20
Districts
Urdu
Official Language

About Jammu & Kashmir

Jammu & Kashmir, often called "Paradise on Earth," became a Union Territory on October 31, 2019. This region encompasses the breathtaking Kashmir valley with its pristine lakes and snow-capped mountains, and the spiritual land of Jammu with its ancient temples and diverse topography.

The territory is renowned for its natural beauty, from the houseboats of Dal Lake to the pilgrimage sites of Vaishno Devi. With a rich cultural tapestry woven from Hindu, Muslim, and Buddhist traditions, J&K represents India's incredible diversity while holding strategic importance in the northern frontier.

Major Regions

Kashmir Valley

Summer capital Srinagar, Dal Lake, houseboats, Mughal gardens, and scenic hill stations like Gulmarg and Pahalgam.

Area: ~15,000 km² | Population: 70 Lakh

Jammu Region

Winter capital Jammu, Vaishno Devi shrine, ancient temples, and diverse topography from plains to mountains.

Area: ~26,000 km² | Population: 55 Lakh

Tourist Attractions

Dal Lake

Iconic houseboats, shikaras, floating gardens, and Mughal gardens on the shores.

Srinagar

Vaishno Devi

Sacred Hindu pilgrimage site, one of India's most visited temples, cave shrine.

Katra, Jammu

Gulmarg

Meadow of flowers, skiing destination, gondola rides, and snow activities.

Kashmir Valley

Pahalgam

Valley of shepherds, Amarnath Yatra base camp, trekking, and river rafting.

Kashmir Valley

Sonamarg

Meadow of gold, gateway to Ladakh, glaciers, and high-altitude trekking.

Kashmir Valley

Amarnath Cave

Sacred ice lingam, annual pilgrimage, high-altitude shrine dedicated to Lord Shiva.

Kashmir Valley

Cultural Heritage

Religious Diversity

Hindu temples in Jammu, Islamic heritage in Kashmir, Buddhist monasteries, and Sufi traditions.

Handicrafts

Pashmina shawls, Kashmiri carpets, papier-mâché, walnut wood carving, and saffron cultivation.

Festivals

Navratri, Eid, Baisakhi, Shivratri, and traditional Kashmiri festivals like Kheer Bhawani.

Kashmiri Cuisine

Wazwan

Traditional multi-course meal with rogan josh, gushtaba, and tabak maaz

Kahwa

Traditional green tea with saffron, almonds, and cardamom

Rajma Chawal

Jammu's famous kidney beans with rice, comfort food

Kashmiri Pulao

Fragrant rice with dry fruits, saffron, and aromatic spices

Modur Pulav

Sweet rice preparation with milk, sugar, and dry fruits

Culture & Traditions

Kashmiri Heritage

Rich Kashmiri culture with traditional handicrafts, music, and valley lifestyle.

Dogra Traditions

Jammu's Dogra culture with Hindu traditions, temples, and royal heritage.

Sufi Influence

Sufi traditions, shrines, and spiritual heritage blending with local customs.

J&K Cuisine

Kashmiri Wazwan

Rogan josh, gushtaba, yakhni, and traditional multi-course feast

Dogra Delicacies

Rajma, kheer, kaladi cheese, and Jammu regional specialties

Rice & Bread

Kashmiri rice, naan, kulcha, and traditional bread varieties

Sweets & Desserts

Phirni, shufta, modur pulav, and traditional Kashmiri sweets

Beverages

Kahwa (saffron tea), noon chai, and traditional herbal teas

Economic Profile

₹2 Lakh Cr

UT GDP

Growing economy post-reorganization

68%+

Literacy Rate

Improving education infrastructure

#1

Tourism Potential

Paradise on Earth

Key Industries

  • Tourism & Hospitality
  • Handicrafts & Handloom
  • Agriculture & Horticulture
  • Hydroelectric Power

Agricultural Products

  • Saffron, Apples, Walnuts
  • Rice, Wheat, Maize
  • Cherries, Apricots, Almonds
  • Medicinal plants and herbs

Notable Personalities

Lal Ded

14th Century

Kashmiri mystic poet and saint

Sheikh Abdullah

1905-1982

Political leader, Lion of Kashmir

Pandit Bhajan Sopori

1948-2022

Santoor maestro, Padma Shri recipient

Zubin Mehta

Born 1936

World-renowned conductor